Good hedging plants
The best wildlife hedges consist of a mix of native broad-leaved species that are allowed to grow tall (180 cm or so) and thick. If you have space, plant a double staggered row with about 15 to 20 cm between the rows and 30 to 35 cm between the plants. Use a mix of native varieties such as hawthorn, field maple, hornbeam or hazel, plus beech on lighter soils. Add interest with an occasional guelder rose, spindle or wild rose.
You can also create valuable ornamental hedges with non-native shrubs such as Berberis. The species listed below are a good source of nectar and also good for nesting birds. Birds will also nest in Pyracantha and feast on its berries in autumn.
Height (cm) | Spread (cm) | Sun or shade | Soil | Habit | Management/notes | |
Native shrubs | ||||||
Field maple Acer campestre | 180 | 90 | D | Prune or coppice in winter | ||
Hazel Corylus avellana | 240 | 150 | D | Coppice | ||
Hornbeam Carpinus betulus | 200 | 60 | heavy | D | Prune in August; coppice | |
Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna | 120 - 240 | 60 | D | Clip in August/coppice | ||
Beech Fagus sylvatica | 200 | 60 | light | D | Prune in August | |
Holly Ilex aquifolium | 90 | 120 | E | Prune in August, coppice | ||
Sweet briar Rosa rubiginosa | 150 | 60 | D | Prune in winter | ||
Yew Taxus baccata | 200 | 8 | E | Clip/prune in August; poisonous to livestock | ||
Non-native shrubs | ||||||
Berberis darwinii | 180 | 120 | E | Prune in April | ||
Berberis julianae | 180 | 120 | E | Prune in April | ||
Berberis x stenophylla | 180 | 120 | E | Clip/prune in April | ||
Cotoneaster simonsii | 150 | 90 | Semi | Prune in winter | ||
Privet Ligustrum vulgare | 150 | 150 | Semi | Prune in March; trim in August if necessary | ||
Firethorn Pyracantha rogersiana | 150 | 120 | E | Prune in April | ||
Sun or shade: = sun; = semi-shade; = shade | ||||||
Habit: D = deciduous; E = evergreen; Semi = semi-evergreen |